Book-sewing machine



- 4 Sheets--Sheet 1. E. s.. BQYNTON.

`Bo0k Sewing Machine.

No.i 232,447. Patented Sept. 21,1880.

Ill 1l MFEI'ERS. PHOTAuTHOGRAPHm. WASHINGTON. Dv C.

' 4 sheets--sheet 2. E S. BOYNTON. Book Sewing Machine. N'O. 232,447.

Patented Sept. 21', 1880.

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Patented Sept. 21, 18.80.

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n,FErERS. PHOTO-LIrNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D c.

" UNITED STATES PATENT Crema.

DVVARD S. BOYNTON, CF BRIDGEFORT, CONNECTICUT.

BOOK-SEWING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 232,447, dated September 21, 1880.

Application iled February 16, 18H0. D

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD S. BoYNToN of Bridgeport, county of Faireld, State-of Connecticut, have invented an Improvementin Book-Sewing Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

This inventibnrelates to book-sewing' machines, and is an improvement on United States Patent No. 203,530, dated May 14,1878, to which reference may be had.

This my present invention refers to various improvements in the details of construction, whereby the mechanism is greatly simplified, made more positive in its operation, and more easily adjusted to different-sized books.

One of my improvements consists in a set ot' telescopic guides to control the vertical movement of the work-supporting plate,where by great compactness of parts is gained; also, in the combination, with the book-supporting plate and a segmental or areal iiange made movable with it, of a clamping dog adapted to quickly release or grasp the said ange, as herein after described 5 also, in details of mechanism for connecting the pressers with their carrying-shafts; also, in a book-sewing ma` chine, in the employment of a pasting or gumming mechanism, as hereinafter described, so as to both stitch and paste or gum the signatures together or tip them.

In sewing books by machines it is customary to sew together several books in succession, forming what is called a bench, the several books being connected by long threads or bands, and after being separated the end bands of the book are turned back and interlaced with aportion of the thread or band in the book, this being possible because ofthe signatures being loosely connected.

In my patented machine referred to the signatures are so closely joined by the sewing that the end bands cannot be easily passed between the signatures to be interlaced, and

without the interlacing the outer signature is liable by careless handling of quantities of books to become loosened or displaced.

In the manufacture by hand of the better class of books it is customany to tip or paste the signatures as they are sewed upon the bands.

In order to produce by the sewing-machine a book which shall have all the advantages of the best hand-made work, I have by experiment succeeded in adding to the sewing mechanism a pasting or gummiug mechanism to tip or gumeach signature consecutively as it is being sewed, such tipping avoiding the 11ecessity of fastenin g or kettle-stitching the end bands, which is a matter of considerable eX- pense.

Many of the parts of this my presentmachine, such as the pressers and the wire-feeding and the wire-cutting devices, are the same as in my patented machine hereinbefore referred to, and are not shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 represents a partial right-hand end view of a machine containing my present improvements; Fig. 2, a similar left-hand end view; Fig. 3, a central vertical section; Fig. 4, detail of one of the friction-joints to sustain and hold the work supporting plate. Fig. 5 is a section on the line y y, Fig. 6, and Fig. 6 is a section on the line a z, Fig. 5, these .two figures showing the clutch or stop mechanism for the cam-shaft on an enlarged scale 5 Fig. 7, atop View, partly in section, of the folder and paster removed from the machine; Fig. 8, a cross-section of Fig. 7 on line .fr m,- Fig. 9, an end view of Fig. 7; Fig. 10, an end view of Fig. 7, the pinion at its left-hand end being removed Fig. 11, a detail of theratchetwheel on the paste-roller journal; Fig. 12, a l'nodication ofthe folding and pasting mechanism; Fig. 13, a section thereof on the line x2 m2,' Fig. 14, a section of the paste-roller;

Fig. 15, details of the pawl for operating the paste-roller intermittingly, and Fig. 16 details of the clamping mechanism for the plate I).

The table C or frame-work, presser-.arm F, work-supportin g plate D, connecting-rod J, for operating the wirecuttin g device, not shown,) connecting-rod K', for operating the wire-feeding devices, (not shown,) needles i', throatplates a, catches h3, driven shaft a2, its worm 2, and the connections between the pressercarrying shaft and the shafts or rods jg Ware all as described and shown in the said patent.

The cam-shaft 4 has secured to it (see Figs. 1 and 6) a hollow hub, b, upon which is pivoted a pawl, '0, having a lug, 3, that, by a spring, d, is kept iu engagement with one of IOO the notches of a toothed ratchet, A, fast ou a sleeve, B, loose on the shaft 4. The worm toothed pinion G is made fast upon this loose sleeve.

The outer or longer end of the pawl c, bcveled, as shown, projects through a slot in thc hub b, and just at that stage when the needles 1I are most elevated and in position to have applied to them a new signature to be united to the book-pile a dog, e, of an a-rm, 18, projected from a rock-shaft, a3, in line with the shaft a2, meets the pawl, throws its longer end partially within the.hub, and releases the ratchet A and Worin-toothed gear, leaving the shaft 4 at rest while the signature is applied to the needles, the shaft a2 continuing its movement. Thisarm 18 is connected with one end of the torsional spring 17 the other end of which isvconnected with the frame-work of the machine, and the spring acts at all times to keep the arm and stop c in the position shown in Fig. 1; but when it is desired to permitthe shaft 4 to again start, the arm 18 may be moved to one side to permit the pawl c to operate by pulling upon the connected chain N2, the lower end of which will, in practice, be joined with a trradle under the control of the operator.

The shaft 4 has upon it a cam-disk, I), having a cam-groove, 5,- (see Fig. 3,) that receives a roller or stud, R, on the needleactuatin g arm E, having its center of motion on pointscrews S, held in the table.

The needles t' are attached to carriers T, (herein shown as forked,) grooved at S to embrace a longitudinal spline (see Fig. 3) on the long bar 9, which extends substantiallyy the length of the machine, and upon which the carriers (two or more) are adjustably attached by means of the set-screws 10.

The spline and groove prevent side twisting of the carriers on the needle-arm, and by removing the carriers from the bar 9 the needles may be quickly and readily applied or removed, whereas in my patented machine it is a matter of considerable trouble to remove and replace a needle or adjust the same laterally according to the positions of the saw-scarfs in the signatures.

Connected with the needle-actuating arm E is a har or rod, V, over which the threads of the needles extend on their way from the usual thread-tension devices W and thread-slackin g bar X, they being attached to a rocking bar, 12, which, when the machine is in regular operation, stands as in Fig. 3, the lever 13, (see Fig. 1,) connected with it, then extending up- Ward.

When a book is to be withdrawn all the threads have to be made slack, and to do this at one operation the lever 13 has only to be turned forward, which lowers the rod X,caus ing it to act upon and slacken all the threads preparatory to commencing the sewing of another book. The shaft 4 has a canadisk, 14, (see Fig. 2,) at the rear of the disk 15, also `connected with the said shaft.

in my patent referred to, these devices being l employed to operate the folder L, which acts to carry that half of the signature laid upon table U over upon the other half, resting on the supporting-plate D or book-pile thereon.

The folder L, as herein shown, besides folding the signature, as in my patent referred to, is also adapted to apply gum upon or to tip the signatures as they are piled one upon the other, the gum being supplied from a suitable roller in a gum-box, and in this specification I shall at times refer to the device L, which at the proper time descends upon the folded parts of the signature, as a folder and as a tipping device, according to t-he function it performs. The folder L is constructed substantially as shown and described in my said patent 5 but instead of having a fixed lip l have. provided it with a lip, d3, which I prefer to make adjustable and of wood or other non-metallic substancehaving preferably two longitudinal ribs, 40 41, to act upon and press down the signatures and also gum them.

The rib or part 41 first strikes the signature in the act of folding it and presses it down, after which, in the further descent ofthe folder, the rib 40 applies gum to the signature, provided it has had gum applied to it by the roller 42, located in the fountain 43. 'Ihis oscillating shaft M, having upon it the cranks b3, passes through and supports this roller and partially supports the fountain.

rllhe roller-journal beyond the fountain at the left of Fig. 7 has upon it a ratchet, 44, which is engaged by the pawl 45 on one of the cranks b3, the said ratchet moving thel roller intermittingly for a greater or less distance, according to the position of the pawl-controlling shield 46, which is herein shown as a camshaped ring connected with a base-ring, 47, made adj ust-able by the screw 48, the position of the pawl-controller with relation to the ratchet against which it rests determining the time of the engagement of the pawl with the said ratchet. The slower the movement of the roller the less gum will be held upon its sur face at top where the ridge part 40 of the lip strikes it. Each time that the device which carries the lip descends inits backward position, as in Figs. 7 and 8, it is supplied with gum by contact with the roller 42, which it applies to the uppermost signature as the lip descends in its most forward position.

In Figs. 12 to 15 I have shown a modification of the folding and tipping mechanism more especially adapted for thick gum or paste. In the said modification t-he folder is provided with a paste or gum receptacle, f, and a pasteregulating roller, g, to regulate the quantity of paste which shall pass along through the chan- IOO IOS

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nel h and be delivered at the lip d3 upon the signature, the said lip in this instance, as in my said patent, passing over the top of the throat-plate a and descending upon the si gnature as it is folded `over upon the book-pile.

The paste-delivering oritice ot' the lip d3 is very tine, and the paste or equivalent is readily forced out through it in regulated quantities by the roller g, which acts as a rotary forcingpump. This roller has four movable bars or wings, 20, 21, 22, and 23, those opposite each other being` connected together by suitable rods 24, so that they move radially in opposite directions with relation to the axis ot' the roller g, as the roller, rotating inthe direction of the arrow near it, is made to turn in the curved spaeein thcpastereceptacle f. These bars act in succession n pon and carry the paste from the receptacle j" along the space 25 into the channel le. Y

The corner 27 (see Fig. 13) of the cover plate 26 serves as a doctor or clearer for the roller g, and within the cover-plateis a removable Babbitt-metal or other enduring' face, 28, which may be removed and anew one supplied when necessary.

The passage-way h (see Fig. 13) is divided at suitable intervals by transverse ribs 29, forming thereby several independent channels instead of one broad one, in order that the narrow channels or Ways may be filled in with suitable plates or blocks and prevent the outward passage of paste when the signatures are short. This construction ot' the pasting appa= ratus of the folder enables the same pasting device to be used for diiierent sizes.

The roller r/ has `at one end of it a smooth.- faced pulley, 30, (see Fig. 15,) which is enibraced by a yoke, 31, carrying a friction-pawl, 32. This yoke has a nose, 33, which, as the folder-plate descends in its forward and backward positions, strikes first at one and then at the other side of a suitable roller, 34, (see dottcdlines,) which will then be placed loosely upon the shaft M.

Thedisk l5 has a crank-pin, 35, connected, by a link, 7, with the arm 37, to impart motion the signatures of books of to the presseearm F and its connected parts 38 and czj2 K J, as in my In this present machine I have provided the presser-arm with two open sockets, 39 49, (see Fig. 3,) to embrace two parallel rods, 50 5l. The presser-arms F are adj ustably clamped to said patent.

5 5 the saidrods 50 5l by a single clamping-screw,

52, extended through ears so that'they may be moved horizontally when necessary in order to place them in position to properly co-operate with the needles. Each presser-bar has pivoted upon it a yoke, 53, slotted'at its `outer end to embrace the rod jg,

of both the sockets,

the said-rod guiding the yoke and permitting. it to be moved longitudinally with the presser.V

Connected lwith this yoke are the rods J K,

before described, which are moved longitudiat the proper times through the rod jz,

nally which turns the yokes 53 independently of the movement of the presser F about its center of motion or pivot.

To prevent the shaft 4 turning after the worm-toothed pinion is disengaged from it, I have applied to the machine au adjustable lever-brake, 54, controlled hy a screw, 55, (see Fig.` 2,) the brake bearing upon the periphery ot' the disk 14.

The back plate, 7c, with which the throatplates a are adjustably connected, is pivoted at l, and has lugs m at each end, in which are secured, by set-screws down through ears 57, connected With the supporting-plate D, the said ears in turn having connected with them tubes 58, which are extended into guides 59, connected with the back plate at its lower ends, the said rods n and tubes 5S forming a telescopic guide to direct the plate D in its vertical movement.

The ears 6() of the back-plate supportingframe have pointed studs 61, which serve as bearings for a shaft, 62, which, at each side of the machine, has an arm, 63, provided at its outer end with a disk, 64. Each of these disks receives a stud, 65, upon which is placed preferabl y a friction-washer', 66, and then there are applied to the said studs the disks 67, forming part of the arms 68, that at their Lipper ends, as at 69, are pivoted to the ears 57, forming part ot' the supporting-plate D. Each lstud 65 is provided with a suitable Washer, 70, and nut 71, which may be turned so as to force together more or less closely the friction-disks 64 and 67, which constitute t-he friction-join ts to prevent the plate D descending more tlhan the distance through which it is positively moved by the folder, as described, acting on a signature, the plate D at that time being held only by the frictionjoints.

The shaft 62 at one end has an arm, 72, provided with a segment or arcal flange, 73, which iiange is engaged and locked by a clampingdog, 74, loosely pivoted at 75, and adapted to turn in the are of a circle less than that of the flange 73 in order that the dog, by a very slight movement, may quickly engage or release the said iange. This dog 74 has atitsrear side a stud, 7 6, which is engaged by one arm of a lever, 77, on a short shaft, 78, having a toe, 79, which, at each descent of the folder L, when in forward position, is operated upon by the arm b3 of the rocking shaft M, which causes the shaft T8 to so move the dog 74 as to release its holdfupon the arca-l tlange 73 and leave it and the shaft 62 free to turn as the supportingplate D, by the action of thelip d3 of the folder upon the folded signature, is pressed down, the downward movement ot' the said plate D being more or less, according to the thickness of the signature.

lf it is desired to raise or lower the table by hand the friction-dog 74 may be released by depressing the lever7 7 The shaft 78 is surrounded by a torsional spring, 80, (shownin Figs. 2 and 16,) the tendv` IOO IIO

ency of which is to so move the said shaft that the dog 74 will engage and hold the flange 73 locked.

By the employment of the clampingdog, as described, in connection with the liange 73, they having different centers of motion, I am enabled to cause the plate D to descend automatically for just the proper distance with the thinnest or thickest signatures, which could not be done with accuracy were a pawl and ratchet employed.

I do not desire to limit this my invention to the particular sewing mechanism or mechanism for connecting the signatures together on a band when combined with pasting or gumming mechanism, as it will be obvious to one skilled in the art that any other usual form of the said signature-connecting mechanism might be used instead.

I have herein shown the tipping mechanism as forming part of the folder, as that is the inostsimple plan known to me to adapt it to my particular machine; but it is obvious that the tipping mechanism might be made separate from the folding mechanism, and be operated by independent devices; and it is also obvious should I place folded sheets or signatures one on the other by hand that I might by the appara-tus herein described tip or gum them, and that the table would be automatically depressed with the increasing depth of the pile or sheets of signatures. In such a plan the folder would become only a tipping device.

When the machine is operated without the tipping mechanism the books, as they are removed from the plate D, are evened by rapping at the end; but when the signatures are tipped together, it is obvious, should they be uneven at the ends, that this could not be done; so I have provided the back plate with an adjustable end gage, S2, which is extended upward through an elongated slot in the plate D, it serving, as the ends of the signatures are drawn toward and against it by the pull of the band threads, to even the signatures. The gumming-roller is prevented from turning backward by the detent 83.

I claiml. In a book-sewing machine, the movable work-supporting plate, the throat-plates, the needles, needle-carriers, needle-arm, the shaft 4 and cam thereon to move it, the hub and pawl connected with the slid shaft, the ratchet and gear loose thereon, and the movable arm to meet and disen gage the said pawl from the said ratchet at the proper time to free the gear and stop the needles in position to receive the signatures, all substantially as described.

2. The shaft 62, the connected areal flange, the dog to lock and release it at the proper time, and the arms 63, combined with the work-supportin g plate, the folder, and the arms 68, connected with the work-supporting plate and with the arms 63 by means of the fric tion joints, to operate substantially as describedv 3. l'Ihe work-supportin g plate and back plate and their telescopic connecting-rods a and 58, substantially as described.

4. 'Ihe shaft 62, its connected segmental or areal flange 73 and arms 63, and the plate D and its arm 68, to connect it with the arms 63, combined with the clampingdog to grasp the said iiange and hold the plate D fixed in position, or to release the iange and permit the said plate to be lowered, as described.

5. In a book-sewing machine, the pressercarrying arms F, provided with the two sockets and the two rods 50 51, combined with the set-screw to clamp the arm in adjusted position upon the said rods, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the presser arm and rodjz, of the yoke 53, pivoted upon the presser-arm, adjustable therewith, and made to co-operate with the rod jz, from which it receives its motion, substantially as described.

7. In a book-sewing machine, the needles and their actuating devices, the bar V, and the thread tension devices, combined with the thread-slacking bar to operate simultaneously on all the threads, to permit the threads to be drawn from the needles to separate one book already sewed from another to be sewed without severing the said threads, substantially as described.

S. In a machine for uniting the signatures of books, the tipping or gumming mechanism to paste or gum only the uppermost sheet at its upper side as the said signatures are otherwise positively united or connected one with the other, substantially as set forth.

y 9. In a machine for uniting the signatures of books, a work-support and a folder provided with a lip, combined with means, substantially as described, to supply the lip with paste or gum to be applied to the signatures, substantially as set forth.

10. ln a machine for uniting the signatures of books, a movable work-support for the signatures, combined with the lip d3, mechanism, substantially as described, to move it, and the gum-fountain to furnish gum for the said lip, the latter applying it to the signatures as they are being united together, substantially as described.

ll. In a machine for uniting the signatures of books, a movable work-support and means, substantially as described, to release and lock it at the proper times to permit the said support to be lowered as the signatures accumulate in thickness, combined with the lip and IOO ITO

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mechanism, substantially as described, to move it to apply paste to the signatures, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribin g witnesses.

EDWARD S. BOYNTON.

Witnesses G. W. GREGORY, N. E. G. WHITNEY. 

